Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, and like many conditions, early detection can make a significant difference in treatment and outcomes. Understanding the symptoms and knowing what to look for can empower you to take proactive steps if changes arise.

Let’s explore the common symptoms of colon cancer in women, how these may differ from other health conditions, and when to consider screening.

Common Symptoms of Colon Cancer in Women: What to Look Out For

Colon cancer symptoms can be subtle, especially in the early stages, but knowing the key signs can help you detect any potential issues early.

Here are some of the most common symptoms:

• Persistent abdominal pain or cramps: Unexplained pain in the lower abdomen that lasts more than a few days may indicate a digestive issue, including colon cancer.
• Changes in bowel habits: Watch for any persistent changes, such as constipation, diarrhea, or a feeling that your bowels are not completely emptying. 
• Blood in the stool: Blood may appear bright red or dark, sometimes even making stools look black. This symptom should be evaluated promptly. 
• Unexpected weight loss: Losing weight without changes to diet or exercise can be a red flag for several health conditions, including colon cancer. 
• Fatigue or weakness: Colon cancer can cause chronic fatigue, especially if there is bleeding in the digestive tract, which can lead to anemia.

While these symptoms don’t always indicate cancer, it’s best to monitor any persistent changes and speak with your healthcare provider if you notice them.

How Colon Cancer Symptoms in Women Differ from Other Health Conditions

Colon cancer symptoms can sometimes overlap with other digestive and gynecological conditions, which may make them easy to overlook.

Here are some differences to help distinguish colon cancer symptoms:

• Compared to IBS or Crohn's disease: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Crohn's disease can cause similar symptoms, such as abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. However, these conditions often present earlier in life, whereas colon cancer is more common in those over 50.
• Compared to hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids can also cause blood in the stool, but they typically cause bright red blood and are often accompanied by itching or discomfort around the anus. Blood in the stool from colon cancer is often darker.
• Compared to gynecological issues: Conditions such as endometriosis or ovarian cysts may cause lower abdominal pain and bloating. However, these are typically related to the menstrual cycle, whereas colon cancer symptoms can be persistent regardless of cycle timing.

If symptoms are ongoing, seem unusual, or don’t respond to typical treatments, consider discussing them with your doctor for further evaluation.

How Long Can Colon Cancer Go Unnoticed?

Colon cancer can sometimes go unnoticed for months or even years, especially in its early stages when symptoms are subtle or absent. Early-stage colon cancer often grows slowly and may not produce noticeable signs right away, which is why regular screenings are so important.

Common colon cancer symptoms in women—like mild abdominal discomfort, changes in bowel habits, or fatigue—are easy to overlook or attribute to other causes, allowing the disease to progress quietly. If left undetected, colon cancer can advance to later stages, which are more difficult to treat. That’s why being mindful of your health by getting screenings is so important.

Colon Cancer Early Detection: When to Talk to Your Doctor About Screening 

Routine screening is one of the most effective ways to detect colon cancer early. If you’re experiencing symptoms or fall within certain risk categories, it’s essential to talk to your healthcare provider about screening options:

• Starting at age 45. Most women are recommended to begin colon cancer screening at age 45, but earlier screening may be advised if you have a family history of colon cancer.
• If you have a family history. A close relative with colon cancer or a history of colon polyps increases your risk, making early screening especially important.
• If you have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Chronic inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis can raise the risk of colon cancer, so regular screening is recommended. 

Screening methods include colonoscopy, stool-based tests, and imaging studies. Your provider can help determine the best option based on your health and risk factors.

Understanding the symptoms of colon cancer and how they may appear differently in women is a proactive step toward early detection. Summit Health is here to support you in your health journey. If you have concerns about your symptoms or need to discuss screening options, our caring and knowledgeable providers are here to help.

Schedule an appointment with a Summit Health provider to prioritize your well-being.